Young teachers in universities are the backbone and future hope of the development of higher education, and their occupational well-being is directly related to the stability of the teaching team, the quality of teaching and scientific research, and the implementation of the fundamental task of moral education and talent cultivation. Taking young teachers in universities of Jiangxi Province as the research objects, this study adopted the grounded theory method in qualitative research, selected 24 young teachers from universities of different levels and types through purposive sampling, and conducted semi-structured in-depth interviews to obtain first-hand data. Through three-level coding (open coding, axial coding and selective coding) of the interview texts, a three-dimensional "stress-resource-meaning" influence model of occupational well-being of young university teachers was constructed. The research findings are as follows:(1) Occupational stress is the core challenge source affecting well-being, which is mainly reflected in the scientific research assessment pressure under the "up-or-out" and "position appointment assessment" systems, the heavy teaching and administrative workload, and the gap between realistic economic pressure and career expectations.(2) Organizational support and personal resources are the key buffering and enhancing factors, including institutional support, colleague-leader relationships, family support and personal psychological capital.(3) Sense of occupational meaning and accomplishment are the deep-seated driving forces of well-being, which stem from the realization of the value of teaching and educating people, the intrinsic pleasure of academic exploration and the recognition of the academic community. On this basis, this paper systematically puts forward countermeasures and suggestions for improving the occupational well-being of young university teachers from the levels of government and policy, university organization and individual teachers, so as to provide theoretical reference and practical guidance for optimizing university teacher management and promoting the professional and healthy development of young teachers.