This proposal explores how Cantonese opera, a UNESCO-recognized intangible cultural heritage, contributes to cultural diplomacy and intercultural exchange in diasporic contexts across Europe. While cultural diplomacy is often state-led, this project focuses on community-driven initiatives by overseas Cantonese opera associations, which operate independently to preserve and promote traditional performing arts.In recent years, both the European Union and the Chinese government have emphasized the strategic role of culture in fostering international cooperation. However, existing research tends to focus on institutional efforts, such as Confucius Institutes, overlooking community-driven cultural practices. This study will address that gap by examining how Cantonese opera associations engage both diasporic Chinese and mainstream European audiences, offering an intercultural dialogue and mutual understanding.This study will compare audience engagement and perceptions of Cantonese opera among both diasporic Chinese and mainstream European populations, shedding light on how traditional performing arts are received across cultural contexts. It also seeks to evaluate the nature and extent of governmental and institutional support for overseas Cantonese opera initiatives, identifying opportunities and challenges in sustaining such community-led efforts. Based on these findings, the project will propose cultural policy measures to empower community-driven heritage preservation and promote intercultural exchange, contributing to more inclusive and sustainable cultural environments in diaspora settings.The research will be conducted in five European cities, including Manchester, London, Paris, Amsterdam, and Rome, where Chinese diaspora communities are active. It will involve surveys with 150-180 audience members to compare perceptions and engagement across cultural groups. Additionally, naturalistic observations and semi-structured interviews will be conducted with the 5 selected Cantonese opera associations and their members to understand their outreach strategies, performance practices, and community impact.By focusing on traditional arts sustained outside their place of origin, this study will contribute to broader discussions on multiculturalism, heritage sustainability, and inclusive cultural diplomacy. The findings will inform cultural policy on supporting community-led initiatives and offer transferable insights for other diaspora settings.