The participation of seniors in community music in China constitutes a complex socio-cultural phenomenon that extends beyond recreational purposes, embodying distinct local characteristics shaped by collectivism, historical memory, and digital adaptation. This study employs a qualitative approach, incorporating in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and multi-case analysis across sites such as Shenzhen Lizhi Park, Guangzhou Shamian Park, and Huizhou West Lake Park in China, within the framework of the Quality of Life Scale (QOLS).Findings reveal that engagement in both offline and online musical activities contributes to enhanced physical and psychological well-being, strengthened social connectedness, and improved cognitive function. Participants demonstrate remarkable adaptability by scheduling activities around grandparenting duties and utilizing interstitial urban spaces, thereby harmonizing family responsibilities with self-care. Furthermore, digital integration through WeChat and TickTock extends collective practice from physical parks to online communities, creating a reinforcing cycle of offline participation and online validation. However, these benefits are moderated by individual motivation, participation depth, and socioeconomic factors. While community music groups maintain inclusive admission policies, sustained participation requires basic economic security, leisure time, and pre-existing musical interest. Notably, the benefits are significantly mediated by psychological disposition, with open attitudes fostering positive outcomes while inner resistance limits gains.This study highlights the importance of inclusive policy-making and adaptable digital strategies to support diverse aging populations. Effective interventions should address both structural barriers and psychological readiness, combining infrastructure support with mentorship programs to maximize the positive impact of community music on quality of life.