Peer mentoring is an instructional practice commonly used in school learning environments (Author, Date). When students share their knowledge with each other during peer mentoring, they often use knowledge learned from sources external to the music program (e.g., Webb, 2015). These external sources may include private lesson teachers, former music teachers, and other teachers in the school (Webb, 2015). With the rapid increase in artificial intelligence and its impact on school learning environments, students now have access to additional external sources of knowledge and thus even greater potential exists for sharing misinformation during peer mentoring. Yet researchers have discovered that when students share their knowledge with each using artificial intelligence during peer mentoring, meaningful learning can occur (Choudhary et al., 2024; Kermani et al., 2023). Under the guidance of a music teacher, students can use artificial intelligence for internal peer mentoring that occurs in the music classroom, and for external peer mentoring that occurs online outside of the school. But if students access knowledge via an artificial mentor, the dynamics of peer mentoring evolve away from peer-to-peer interactions. Additional considerations when using artificial intelligence include data storage, access to student data, and peer assessment. To explore the benefits and issues with peer mentoring and artificial intelligence, new learning ecology serves as the theoretical framework for this session. New learning ecology includes four characteristics: (a) immediate and constant access to information and a global community, (b) intensity, relevance, and personalization of learning, (c) highly developed student dispositions for self-direction, self-monitoring, creativity, and curiosity, and (d) highly developed teacher capacities for facilitation, improvisation, consulting, and mentoring (Spires et al., 2011). In this new learning ecology, the roles of the music teacher and students with monitoring how knowledge is shared and received, and the concept of defining what peer means, take on added dimensions when using artificial intelligence during peer mentoring.