As the global aging trend intensifies, Taiwan officially became an aging society in 2018 and is projected to enter a super-aged society by 2025 (National Development Council, 2022). The challenges posed by aging are becoming increasingly apparent at the individual, family, and societal levels, particularly in terms of healthcare and psychological well-being. Therefore, enhancing the quality of life and well-being of the elderly has become a pressing issue. This study aims to explore the impact of music activities on enhancing the well-being of elderly individuals, with a specific focus on how music fosters emotional expression, social interaction, and mental health. Utilizing a case study approach, purposive sampling was employed to select elderly participants and their instructors from the music therapy courses at the Nursing Home affiliated with Chiayi Hope Hospital. Based on a literature review and the framework of well-being scales, music courses were designed to meet the needs of the elderly, including music appreciation, rhythm training, and group music interaction. During the research process, the researcher recorded participants’ emotional changes and self-reported well-being through observations and interviews. The expected outcomes include proposing design principles for music courses aimed at enhancing the well-being of the elderly, as well as assessing the effects of these courses on participants’ well-being. This study’s contribution lies in providing empirical data on the effectiveness of music activities in promoting well-being among the elderly and offering concrete recommendations for policymakers to enhance the quality of life for the aging population.